• The construction of meaning is central to learning. Language is used to compose and comprehend meaning as students interact with texts, connecting the new to the known and reflecting on their understanding.

• Language systems are integrated. Interrelationships among the communication modes are emphasized--reading, writing, listening, speaking, viewing, and expressing visually/nonverbally. Each mode informs use of others. Integration of oral, visual, and written language focuses on meaningful audiences and purposes.

• Language users bring prior knowledge and belief systems to their learning which they blend in ways unique to them. Through the active use of language in the learning process, students develop a personal voice and style.

• A student’s feelings of self-worth, based on confidence and competence in the language arts skills, empowers him/her to learn.

• Learning language is developmental.